The Bufflehead, which nests in tree cavities, breeds primarily in Alaska, British Columbia, Alberta, and Saskatchewan. Breeding also occurs at lower densities further to the east in Manitoba, Ontario, and Quebec. Buffleheads winter along both the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, as well as throughout the continental United States. The species is most abundant in the western regions of Canada. Overall, the continental population has been increasing since the 1960s. Since 2000, the Canadian harvest has remained relatively stable, but is considerably lower than levels observed in the 1970s. In general, current population levels are considered to be acceptable. This species has been identified as a priority for conservation and/or stewardship in one or more Bird Conservation Region Strategies in Canada.
The Bufflehead's breeding distribution is influenced by the distribution and availability of nesting cavities. Loss of cavity-bearing trees due to agricultural expansion and forestry in the boreal forest, particularly in the Aspen Parkland, is a potential concern (Gauthier 2014).
Environment and Climate Change Canada and partners have developed Bird Conservation Region Strategies in each of Canada’s Bird Conservation Regions (BCRs). In these strategies, selected species are identified as priorities for one or more of the following reasons:
Select any of the sub-regions below to view the BCR strategy for additional details.
